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Alfonso X, byname Alfonso the Wise, or the Learned, Spanish Alfonso el Sabio, (born November 23, 1221, Burgos, Castile [Spain]—died April 4, 1284, Sevilla), king of Castile and Leon from 1252 to 1284. Alfonso’s father, Ferdinand III, conquered Andalusia and imposed tribute on the remaining Muslim states in Spain—Murcia and Granada.

Alfonso X, known as Alfonso the Wise, (born Nov. 23, 1221, Burgos, Castile—died April, 2, 1284, Sevilla), King of Castile and León (1252–84). He crushed revolts by Muslims (1252) and nobles (1254), and he annexed Murcia after repelling an invasion by Morocco, Granada, and Murcia (1264).

Alfonso X of Castile, also known as Alfonso the Wise, ruled from 1252 until 1284. One of Alfonso’s goals for his kingdom was to lift Castile out of the Dark Ages by producing a united, educated, artistic, and religious population. His desire to bring Castile into the mainstream of high civilization led to a boom of cultural activity ...

Alfonso X, king of Castile, was born Nov. 23, 1221, in Toledo, Spain. Also known as Alfonso el Sabio or Alfonso the Wise, Alfonso was a scholar with diverse interests, unusual among medieval monarchs; he wrote and collected music and sponsored legal reform (his portrait medallion is in the U.S. House of Representatives gallery of great lawmakers).

Alfonso X (also known as the Wise, Spanish: el Sabio; 23 November 1221 – 4 April 1284) was King of Castile, León and Galicia from 30 May 1252 until his death in 1284. During the election of 1257, a dissident faction chose him to be king of Germany on 1 April.

Alfonso X, king of Castile, León, and Galicia (b. 1221–d. 1284; reigned 1252–1284), the firstborn son of Ferdinand III and his German wife, Beatrix (Elisabeth of Hohenstaufen), has justly been called the Emperor of Culture, owing to the renaissance of learning he championed in the 13th century in the areas of history, science, law, and ...