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Alfonso X, byname Alfonso the Wise, or the Learned, Spanish Alfonso el Sabio, (born November 23, 1221, Burgos, Castile [Spain]—died April 4, 1284, Sevilla), king of Castile and Leon from 1252 to 1284. Alfonso’s father, Ferdinand III, conquered Andalusia and imposed tribute on the remaining Muslim states in Spain—Murcia and Granada.

From the Emperor's Desk: Although Alfonso X succeeded to the thrones of Castile, León and Galicia on May 30, 1252, he was proclaimed as such on June 1, 1252. Alfonso X (November 23, 1221 – April 4, 1284) was King of Castile, León and Galicia from May 30, 1252 until his death in 1284.

Alfonso X was King of Castile, León and Galicia from 30 May 1252 until his death in 1284. During the election of 1257, a dissident faction chose him to be king of Germany on 1 April. He renounced his claim to Germany in 1275, and in creating an alliance with the Kingdom of England in 1254, his claim on the Duchy of Gascony as well. Alfonso X fostered the development of a cosmopolitan court ...

Andalucia. Provincia de Sevilla. Sevilla. Sevilla Cathedral. Alfonso X “The Wise” of Castile. Maintained by: Find a Grave. Originally Created by: girlofcelje. Added: 14 Nov 2003. Find a Grave Memorial ID: 8087629.

June 1, 1252 -- Alfonso X is proclaimed king of Castile and León. 01 Jun 2023 16:15:07

In the Treaty of Zamora in 1143, Alfonso VII of Leon and Castile recognised Portuguese independence from the Kingdom of León. [citation needed] In 1147, Portugal captured Santarém, and seven months later the city of Lisbon was also brought under Portuguese control after the Siege of Lisbon.

Alfonso XI and most of his army perished by the Black Death. His successor, Peter of Castile , made peace with the Muslims and turned his attention to Christian lands, starting a period of almost 150 years of rebellions and wars between the Christian states that secured the survival of Granada.

Alfonso X. Alfonso X (Alfonso the Wise), 1221–84, Spanish king of Castile and León (1252–84); son and successor of Ferdinand III, whose conquests of the Moors he continued, notably by taking Cádiz (1262). His mother, Beatriz, was a daughter of the German king Philip of Swabia, and Alfonso's principal ambition was to become Holy Roman Emperor.