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Georgy Valentinovich Plekhanov, Marxist theorist, the founder and for many years the leading exponent of the Marxist movement in Russia. A Menshevik, he opposed the Bolshevik seizure of power in Russia in 1917 and died in exile. Plekhanov was born into a family of the minor gentry.

Georgy Plekhanov, (born Dec. 11, 1856, Gudalovka, Russia—died May 30, 1918, Terioki, Fin.), Russian Marxist theorist. From 1874 he was active in the Populist movement and became a leader of the Land and Freedom group (1877–80). To avoid arrest, he went into a long exile in Geneva (1880–1917).

Georgii Valentinovich Plekhanov was born in 1857 in the village of Gudalovka in the Tambov province of central Russia. His family belonged to the minor landowning nobility, his father being a retired army officer.

Georgi Plekhanov 1856 – 1918 “There is no historical fact that did not owe its origin to social economics; but it is no less true to say that there is no historical fact that was not preceded, not accompanied, and not succeeded by a definite state of consciousness.”. Materialist Conception of History Works:

Georgii Valentinovich Plekhanov, the Russian Marxist, revolutionary, philosopher, sociologist, and historian of social thought, was the son of a poor nobleman. After graduating from a military academy in Voronezh, he studied at the Mining Institute in St. Petersburg.