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John Bardeen, (born May 23, 1908, Madison, Wis., U.S.—died Jan. 30, 1991, Boston, Mass.), American physicist who was cowinner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in both 1956 and 1972. He shared the 1956 prize with William B. Shockley and Walter H. Brattain for their joint invention of the transistor .

Fast Facts: John Bardeen. Occupation: Physicist. Known For: The only physicist to win the Nobel Prize in Physics twice: in 1956 for helping to invent the transistor, and in 1972 for developing the theory of superconductivity. Born: May 23, 1908 in Madison, Wisconsin. Died: January 30, 1991 in Boston, Massachusetts.

John Bardeen was an eminent American physicist, who won the Nobel Prize twice. In 1956, with fellow scientists William B. Shockley and Walter H. Brattain, Bardeen shared the award for the invention of the transistor. He received the award for the second time in 1972, with Leon N. Cooper and John R. Schrieffer, for formulating.

John Bardeen: U.S. investigations on semiconductors and invention of the transistor Walter H. Brattain: U.S. investigations on semiconductors and invention of the transistor William B. Shockley: U.S. investigations on semiconductors and invention of the transistor 1957 Tsung-Dao Lee: China

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In the grand narrative of scientific discoveries, John Bardeen stands as a giant, a man who has dramatically shifted our understanding of the world. His story intertwines with that of another prolific scientist, Jocelyn Bell Burnell , forming a rich tapestry of achievement and inspiration.

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Also the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John Bardeen twice, as was the Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Frederick Sanger and Karl Barry Sharpless. Two laureates have been awarded twice but not in the same field: Marie Curie (Physics and Chemistry) and Linus Pauling (Chemistry and Peace).